After regaining his mental composure, Erik restored the hated Persson; he then had his commoner mistress, Karin Månsdotter, crowned queen over the objections of the nobility. He took up residence in the city of Kalmar. In 1536, his father, Gustav Vasa, married Margaret Leijonhufvud (1516–51), a Swedish noblewoman. When Eric started to appear in public, he was referred to as "chosen king" (Swedish language: utvald konung Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). While he has been regarded as intelligent and artistically skilled, as well as politically ambitious, early in his reign he showed signs of mental instability, a condition that eventually led to insanity. Erik XIV. Three rebellions, with the object of releasing and reinstating him, had to be suppressed, and Eric was held as a prisoner in many different castles in both Sweden and Finland. Before the peace was concluded, Erik XIV, accused of lunacy after having murdered some of the leading aristocrats by his own hand, was deposed in 1568 by his brother John, who was supported by the high nobility. Eric XIV was born at Tre Kronor castle, at 9 o'clock on the morning of 13 December 1533. The news of his father's death reached Erik as he was on the point of embarking for England to press in person his suit for the hand of Queen Elizabeth I. A document signed by his brother, John III of Sweden, and a nobleman, Bengt Bengtsson Gylta (1514–74), gave Eric's guards in his last prison authorization to poison him if anyone tried to release him. Omissions? [6] However, in the fall of 1568, asserting Eric's insanity, the dukes and the nobles rebelled, and after some resistance Eric was imprisoned by his brother Duke John, who took power on 30 September. He is quite infamous in Swedish history, as he suffered from schizophrenia and was mentally unstable in general. Rights: Rüstkammer, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen … Title: Parade armor and tack made for King Erik XIV of Sweden. This marriage was solemnized in July, Karin crowned Queen, and their infant son Gustav pronounced Prince-royal. Dionysius taught both Eric and his half-brother John, and seems to have been appreciated by both. Februar 1577 in Örbyhus bei Uppsala) war von 1560 bis 1568 König von Schweden. Eric XIV was born at Tre Kronor on 13 December 1533. Februar 1577 in Örbyhus bei Uppsala) war Succeeding his father, Gustav I Vasa, in 1560, Erik soon obtained passage of the Articles of Arboga (1561), curtailing the powers of his half brothers, who had been granted large duchies by Gustav I. Its founder was Gustav Eriksson Vasa, who became regent of Sweden in 1521 and King Gustav I Vasa in 1523. Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden.jpg 2,694 × 3,828; 6.59 MB relacionados a: Eric XIV of Sweden. He was the oldest son of Gustav Vasa, commonly regarded the founder of modern Sweden.. and its adjacent territories. Goldsmith: Eliseus Libaerts. Erik XIV, (born Dec. 13, 1533, Stockholm, Swed.—died Feb. 26, 1577, Örbyhus), king of Sweden (1560–68) who expanded the powers of the monarchy and pursued an aggressive foreign policy that led to the Seven Years’ War of the North (1563–70) against Denmark. Dezember 1533 auf der Burg Tre Kronor in Stockholm; 26. In true renaissance spirit, the motifs on the armour were borrowed from ancient myths, the characteristics of which lent themselves perfectly to the Swedish history and national symbols of that time. Realizing the advantage of controlling ports on the eastern Baltic coast, he obtained sovereignty (1561) over Reval (now Tallinn, Est.) Towards the end of his life, servants tried to soothe Emperor Justin II's … Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Sweden in 1561. Eric XIV (Swedish: Erik XIV; 13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. He first sought allies in western Europe, unsuccessfully bidding for the hand of Elizabeth I of England. King Eric XIV of Sweden painted ca. He was replaced by French Calvinist Dionysius Beurraeus (1500–67). Eric XIV of Sweden. He was also an informed historian, a good writer and familiar with astrology. He first acted against the family in 1566, accusing Svante's son Nils of treason, but commuted the sentence and instead sent Nils to Lorraine, supposedly to arrange a marriage with the princess Renata. An examination of his remains in 1958 confirmed that he probably died of arsenic poisoning. ) and after the meeting of parliament in Stockholm in 1560, he received the title of "hereditary king" (Swedish language: arvkonung 1560 by Domenicus ver Wilt (public domain via Wikimedia Commons) This is a guest post from Stanley Antonisson – a man who for years has been adding fascinating comments to my posts. ). His body was later exhumed and modern forensic analysis revealed evidence of lethal arsenic poisoning. Birthdate: 1533. According to the chronicle Erikskrönikan written in the early 1320s, Eric is said to have been partly lame; "King Eric was lisping in his talk / Limping was, as well, his walk". (1984) Bra Böckers Lexikon Bra Böcker AB. Date Created: around 1562. Erik died in prison. King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. 200 years of Swedish History with the Bernadotte Dynasty' is a story told by Dick Harrison, Professor in history. Unlike his father, who had been satisfied with ruling an independent state, Eric tried to expand his influence in the Baltic region and in Estonia, beginning the process that resulted in Sweden becoming a great power in the 17th century. The parade armor was originally made by Eliseus Libaerts of Antwerp for King Erik XIV of Sweden in 1563-1564. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. more... Eric XIV ( Swedish: Erik XIV; 13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Biography of Eric XIV of Sweden (1533-1577) Erik Wasa (1533-1577) was a man of contradictions; he was both humble and haughty, and urbane and well read, but also barbaric. Erik XIV. Against his father's wishes, Eric entered into marriage negotiations with the future Queen Elizabeth I of England and pursued her for several years. For this reason, later historians referred to him as "Erik the Lisp and Lame" which was apparently not used in his own time. Swedish: King Erik XIV. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. With Agda Persdotter he had four daughters:[citation needed]. Corrections? Justin II. However, Eric had determined to marry his mistress Karin Månsdotter and in 1567, on Nils's return and suspicious of high treason, he killed several members of the family in the so-called Sture Murders, Eric himself stabbing Nils Svantesson Sture. He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Swedenin … Lucretia Eriksdotter (1564–after 1574) died young. Eric XIV (Swedish language: Erik XIV 13 December 153326 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. (2007) Alla Tiders Historia Gleerups Utbildning AB page 117. In 1563, John was seized by an army sent to Finland, and tried for high treason by Eric's order.[3]. Some scholars claim that his illness began early during his reign, while others believe that it first manifested with the Sture murders. Image of King Eric on a wall of Stockholm Palace. He was crowned as Eric XIV, but was not necessarily the 14th king of Sweden named Eric. Born December 13, 1533 as the heir of King Gustav I and Queen Catherine of Sweden, the boy got precious little time with his mother; she passed before he was even two years old. Eric XIV was the eldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). Death: 1577 (43-44) Immediate Family: Son of King of Sweden Gustaf Eriksson Vasa, King of Sweden and Queen of Sweden Katarina Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg, Queen Consort of Sweden. Datei:Erik XIV, King of Sweden (Georg von Rosen) - Nationalmuseum - 18157.tif aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie Zur Navigation springen Zur Suche springen Eric XIV was the oldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). Eric XIV was the son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). Eric was the son of Eric X of Sweden and Richeza of Denmark. [4], From the start of his reign, Eric was in opposition to the Swedish nobility. Erik XIV, född 13 december 1533 på Tre Kronor, död 26 februari 1577 på Örbyhus slott, var Sveriges kung mellan 1560 och 1568. [1], Portrait sent to Queen Elizabeth I of England, to further the negotiations regarding the marriage. Free Public Reputation Profile - For Eric Un. He consolidated his authority by establishing a special royal court of appeal and installing a new constitution (1562) that defined the nobility’s military obligations. Tensions between Eric and his father grew. He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Sweden in 1561.. Book nr 7-page 76, Articles containing Swedish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2019, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Articles incorporating a citation from The American Cyclopaedia with a Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, List of Finnish monarchs and Heads of State, https://web.archive.org/web/20091027080714/http://www.xs4all.nl/~monarchs/madmonarchs/eric14/eric14_bio.htm, https://www.adelsvapen.com/genealogi/Vasa, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Eric_XIV_of_Sweden?oldid=5395803. Erik imprisoned John and his wife the following year. Free Public Reputation Profile - For Eric Un. He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Sweden in 1561. His suspicion of the nobility led him to suspicions of the Sture family, then headed by Svante Stensson Sture, who was married to Gustav's sister-in-law. Erik XIV, (born Dec. 13, 1533, Stockholm, Swed.—died Feb. 26, 1577, Örbyhus), king of Sweden (1560–68) who expanded the powers of the monarchy and pursued an aggressive foreign policy that led to the Seven Years’ War of the North (1563–70) against Denmark. Eric XIV, Swedish: Erik XIV(13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Swedenfrom 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. Husband of Agda Persdotter. In 1536, his father, Gustav Vasa, married Margaret Leijonhufvud (1516–1551), a Swedish noblewoman. Eric was very successful in foreign languages and mathematics. Published by janetwertman on March 17, 2019. (Schweden) Erik XIV. This expansionism resulted in a clash with his cousin, Frederick II of Denmark (1534–88). The following 3D images show the formal parade armor and shield of King Eric XIV of Sweden. The love story of Eric XIV and Karin Månsdotter is the subject of a 1942 historical novel Karin Månsdotter by Mika Waltari. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He was also ruler of Estonia, after its conquest by Sweden in … Dezember 1533 auf der Burg Tre Kronor in Stockholm; † 26. Erik XIV of Sweden and Elizabeth I of England. His…. This magnificent armour made King Erik XIV of Sweden look imposingly triumphant. House of Vasa, Swedish (and Polish) dynasty descended from an old family of Uppland, related both to the Sture family and to the Bonde family of Sweden’s King Charles VIII (d. 1470). Eric's first teacher was the learned German Georg Norman, whose services were shortly thereafter needed elsewhere within the Swedish state. Though Eric XIV would soon earn a reputation as one of the maddest men in Sweden, his beginnings were tragic in another way entirely. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. King of Sweden Erik XIV (by Domenicus Verwilt) Biography. Eric XIV finally married Karin Månsdotter (1550–1612) on 4 July 1568; their children were: The life of Eric XIV is the subject of an 1899 play by Swedish playwright August Strindberg (1849–1912). Before the age of two, he lost his mother. Lutheran. In 1557, Eric was assigned the fiefdoms of Kalmar, Kronoberg and Öland. By Steven van der Meulen 1561. [6] He died in prison in Örbyhus Castle: according to a tradition starting with Johannes Messenius, his final meal was a poisoned bowl of pea soup. For the next seven years the ex-king was a source of anxiety to the new government. His adviser, Jöran Persson, was imprisoned for the crime. From 1563 onwards, his insanity became pronounced; his rule became even more arbitrary and marked by violence. King Eric ruled from 1560 to 1569, launching Sweden as a great European power by competing with Denmark and Poland-Lithuania for control of the Baltic in a series of largely indecisive wars. (* 13. Most of Eric XIV's reign was then dominated by the Livonian War and the Scandinavian Seven Years' War against Denmark (1563–70), during which he successfully repelled most Danish attempts at conquest, but was unable to keep his own acquisitions. [3] Eric also made unsuccessful marriage proposals to, among others, Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–87), Renata of Lorraine (1544–1602), Anna of Saxony (1544–77) and Christine of Hesse (1543–1604). relacionados con: Eric XIV of Sweden. Before the age of two, he lost his mother. [3] The King probably thought of the killing as an execution rather than murder. He was crowned as Eric XIV, but was not necessarily the 14th king of Sweden named Eric. Erik XIV of Sweden (1533–1577) was a Swedish king.His reign lasted from 1560 AD until he was deposed by his brothers in 1568 AD. As a youth Eric had been a talented young man and a true Renaissance Prince. There had, however, been at least six earlier Swedish kings with the name of Eric, as well as pretenders about whom very little is known. He and his brother Charles adopted regnal numbers according to Johannes Magnus's partly fictitious history of Sweden. Erik XIV, King of Sweden, was the only son of Gustavus Vasa and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg. Almgren, H. Löwgren, A och Bergström, B. Persson was also opposed to the nobility and a determined opponent of Eric's half-brother, later John III of Sweden (1537–92). Collection: Rüstkammer with Türckische Cammer (Armoury with Turkish Chamber) Type: armor. Back in Stockholm he summoned a Riksdag, which met at Arboga on 15 April 1561. Erik’s acquisitions in Estonia alarmed Frederick II, king of Denmark and Norway, who allied with Lübeck and Poland and declared war in 1563, initiating the Seven Years’ War of the North. [5], After the Sture homicides, John was imprisoned and Eric's conflict with the nobility came to its climax. Erik’s major foreign policy objective was to free Sweden’s Baltic Sea trade from Danish control. (* 13. Religion. King of Sweden Erik XIV Eriksson. Eric XIV of Sweden. John pursued an expansionist policy in Livonia (now Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), in breach of the Arboga articles, which led to contention between the brothers. There he adopted the royal propositions known as the "Arboga articles", considerably curtailing the authority of the royal dukes, John and Charles, in their respective provinces. He and his half brothers had received a typical Renaissance education, including geography, history and political thought 1. Duke John (later King John III), who was liberated in 1567, joined with his brother, the future Charles IX, and deposed Erik in 1568. John was the Duke of Finland and was married to a Polish princess, against Eric's wishes, which made him friendly with Poland. Eric, having been deposed and imprisoned, was most likely murdered. Updates? Eric XIV (Swedish: Erik XIV; 13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. Eric XIV was the eldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). Early in 1568 Eric seemed to recover his reason, and attempted to reconcile with John on the condition that the latter recognized Eric's marriage with Karin Månsdotter. He chose as a close adviser Göran Persson (1530–68), who had narrowly escaped execution under Eric's father. Meanwhile, his half brother John, duke of Finland, also sought a foothold in the east and signed a treaty with Sigismund II Augustus, king of Poland, agreeing to marry the king’s daughter against Erik’s wishes. Erik XIV, King of Sweden (Georg von Rosen) - Nationalmuseum - 18157.tif 3,339 × 2,551; 24.39 MB Erik XIV, King of Sweden, 1560s, by Domenicus Verwilt (active 1556-1566). The news of his father's death reached Eric as he was on the point of embarking for England to press his suit for the hand of Queen Elizabeth. [2] Jöran Persson was assigned much of the blame for the actions directed against the nobility during Eric XIV's reign and was executed shortly after John III had incarcerated Eric, who was legally dethroned in January 1569 by the Riksdag.[7]. The Swedish king led his forces with moderate effectiveness and was able to gain a stalemate with Denmark in the first years of the war. Eric XIV was the eldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–35). Eric XIV was the son of Gustav I(1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg(1513–35). Stanley is a Swede himself and the perfect person to paint this … His fear of treason caused his judgment to break down in 1567, and he ordered the killing of the powerful Sture family’s leading members. Karin Månsdotter, Eric XIV and Jöran Persson, in Georg von Rosen's painting of 1871, Eric XIV had several relationships before his marriage. Sweden was forced, however, to pay a large ransom to retrieve the fortress of Älvsborg, its only stronghold in the west. Succeeding his father, Gustav I Vasa, in 1560, Erik soon obtained passage of the Articles of Arboga (1561), curtailing the powers of his … Dahlström, G och Swahn, J-Ö (red). Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Erik-XIV, Fact Monster - People - Biography of Eric XIV. Elizabeth I to King Eric XIV of Sweden, 25 February 1560 (SP 70/11 f.74) Although Elizabeth showed no inclination to marry, it was not long before the young queen was besieged by suitors. Er war der einzige Sohn aus der Ehe zwischen Gustav I. Wasa von Schweden und dessen erster Gemahlin Katharina von Sachsen-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg.
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